ANS stands for the Autonomic Nervous System, which is a part of the peripheral nervous system. It is responsible for controlling the involuntary or automatic functions of the body, such as heart rate, digestion, respiration, and glandular secretions. The ANS is divided into two branches: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the “fight or flight” response, which prepares the body for intense physical activity. It increases heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, while decreasing digestion and salivation.
The parasympathetic nervous system, on the other hand, is responsible for the “rest and digest” response, which conserves energy and promotes rest and relaxation. It decreases heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, while increasing digestion and salivation.
Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers that transmit signals between neurons, or from neurons to muscles or glands. They are released by one neuron and bind to receptors on another neuron or on a muscle or gland. The most well-known neurotransmitters include dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and norepinephrine.
Receptors are proteins that are located on the surface of cells and bind specific neurotransmitters or other signaling molecules, such as hormones. When a neurotransmitter or other signaling molecule binds to a receptor, it triggers a response in the cell, which can include changes in ion channels, activation of second messenger systems, or changes in gene expression.
The specific neurotransmitter and receptor involved in a particular signal transduction pathway will depend on the type of signal being transmitted and the location of the cells involved. Different neurotransmitters and receptors can have different effects on the same cell, depending on the context in which they are activated.Lacture notes downloading, Hand written notes, Pharmacy notes, MBBS notes, Study material, Dental study material, study material PDF, study material PPT, study Lacture notes, Study science notes, Drugs name, free study material PPT, PDF download Free, paramedical study notes