Antifungal agents ppt pdf

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Description

Antifungal agents are a class of medicines used to treat fungal infections. Fungal infections can affect various parts of the body, including the skin, nails, scalp, genital area, mouth, and lungs. Antifungal agents work by killing the fungus or preventing it from multiplying and spreading further.

There are several types of antifungal agents, and they differ in their mode of action, effectiveness, and side effects. The most common types of antifungal agents include:

1. Azoles: Azoles are a group of antifungal agents that work by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, a vital component of the fungal cell membrane. This results in the weakening and eventual death of the fungus. Examples of azoles include fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole.

2. Polyenes: Polyenes are antifungal agents that work by binding to ergosterol in the fungal cell membrane, causing leakage of essential cell components and eventual death of the fungus. Examples of polyenes include amphotericin B and nystatin.

3. Echinocandins: Echinocandins are antifungal agents that work by inhibiting the synthesis of beta-glucan, a cell wall component essential for fungal growth. Examples of echinocandins include caspofungin and anidulafungin.

4. Allylamines: Allylamines are antifungal agents that work by inhibiting the synthesis of ergosterol, thereby disrupting the fungal cell membrane and leading to its death. An example of an allylamine is terbinafine.

Antifungal agents are available in various formulations, including topical creams, ointments, powders, shampoos, and oral tablets/capsules. Treatment duration and dosage depend on the severity and location of the infection, and the patient’s overall health status. Adverse effects of antifungal agents may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, liver toxicity, and skin rash. Some antifungal agents may interact with certain medications, including blood thinners, antidepressants, and immunosuppressants, so it’s essential to inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking.