URINARY SYSTEM
ANOMALIES OF KIDNEYS
• Ectopic kidney
• Fused kidneys
• Persistent Lobuation of kidneys
• Renal Agenesis
• Renal Aplasia
• Renal Hypoplasia
• Duplication of kidneys
• Renal Cysts
• Ureteral Aplasia
• Persistent (Patent) Urachus
• Bladder Diverticulum
Proteinuria
• Proteinuria means presence of protein (mainly albumin) in
urine. The resultant hypoproteinemia causes renal edema.
Glycosuria
• Glycosuria means presence of glucose in urine.
Ketonuria
• Ketonuria means presence of ketone bodies in urine.
Anuria
• Anuria means absence of urine formation
Oliguria
• Oliguria means reduced excretion of urine
Polyuria
• Polyuria means excessive passage of urine
Pyuria
• Pyuria means presence of pus in urine
Hematuria
• Hematuria means presence of blood in urine
Renal disease
Acute renal failure (ARF)/Acute kidney injury:
Pathologic alterations in acute renal failure
Azotemia
Post Renal
Uremia
Uremic toxins:
Renal failure :- Chronic
Glomerular disease
DISEASES OF TUBULES
Acute tubular injury
Hemosiderosis
TUBULOINTERSTITIAL DISEASES
Embolic nephritis
UROLITHIASIS
Cystitis